Which term measures error from a model's assumptions, even with infinite training data?

Bias, the error built into the kind of model chosen.

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  1. Bias ✔
  2. Variance
  3. Irreducible noise

Why: Bias comes from a model's built-in assumptions, like forcing a straight line. Even infinite training data cannot remove that model error. Variance instead measures how much the fitted model changes across training sets.

Huh, didn't know that: Expected test error splits into three parts: variance, bias squared and noise in the data itself.

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My model has a bias for straight lines. I told it life has curves.
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References

Answer: Bias. Bias comes from a model's built-in assumptions, like forcing a straight line. Even infinite training data cannot remove that model error. Variance instead measures how much the fitted model changes across training sets.

  1. Cornell CS4780 Lecture 12: Bias-Variance Tradeoff www.cs.cornell.edu/courses/cs4780/2018fa/lectures/lecturenote12.html
    What is the inherent error that you obtain from your classifier even with infinite training data?
    Checked 2026-10-10.

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