What makes an attack a zero-day attack?

It exploits a previously unknown vulnerability.

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  1. It lasts exactly one day
  2. It targets a new computer
  3. It exploits an unknown flaw ✔

Why: A zero-day attack uses a flaw that defenders or the vendor did not previously know about. Existing patches cannot remove a vulnerability that has not yet been discovered and fixed.

Huh, didn't know that: Behavior monitoring and isolation can reduce risk even when no patch exists yet.

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The zero-day flaw arrived before its calendar invitation.
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References

Answer: It exploits an unknown flaw. A zero-day attack uses a flaw that defenders or the vendor did not previously know about. Existing patches cannot remove a vulnerability that has not yet been discovered and fixed.

  1. NIST CSRC Zero-Day Attack Glossary csrc.nist.gov/glossary/term/zero_day_attack
    An attack that exploits a previously unknown hardware, firmware, or software vulnerability.
    Checked 2026-10-10.

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