SESKStuff Everyone Should Know
SESK: Stuff Everyone Should Know · sesk.info/sport-3p-model

In the 3P model for aeronautical decision-making, what are the three Ps?

Perceive, Process, Perform.

Start playing free

  1. Plan, Prepare, Practice
  2. Perceive, Process, Perform ✔
  3. Pilot, Plane, Place

Why: Perceive the hazards, process how they affect your flight, then perform by choosing an action. It is a loop you keep repeating throughout the flight.

Huh, didn't know that: The DECIDE model starts with Detect, Estimate, Choose a course of action and Identify solutions.

The dad joke
Perceive, process, perform: the pilot's version of look, think, do.
Like this card?
Play the game

References

Answer: Perceive, Process, Perform. Perceive the hazards, process how they affect your flight, then perform by choosing an action. It is a loop you keep repeating throughout the flight.

  1. FAA PHAK Chapter 2: Aeronautical Decision-Making www.faa.gov/sites/faa.gov/files/04_phak_ch2.pdf
    The Perceive, Process, Perform (3P) model for ADM offers a simple, practical, and systematic approach
    Checked 2026-10-10.
  2. FAA PHAK Chapter 2: Aeronautical Decision-Making www.faa.gov/sites/faa.gov/files/04_phak_ch2.pdf
    DECIDE means to Detect, Estimate, Choose a course of action, Identify solutions
    Checked 2026-10-10.

Think this answer is wrong? Tap "Challenge this answer" on the card in the game and tell us why.

Test yourself in the game

FlyingIn the IMSAFE pilot checklist, what does the 'S' stand for?FlyingWhich hazardous attitude has the antidote 'Not so fast. Think first.'?FlyingIn the PAVE risk checklist, what does the 'V' stand for?

That's stuff everyone should know.